{"id":11025,"date":"2018-07-09T17:23:42","date_gmt":"2018-07-09T17:23:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ssec.wisc.edu\/news\/?p=11025"},"modified":"2019-03-05T17:32:49","modified_gmt":"2019-03-05T17:32:49","slug":"terry-kelly-visionary-of-computerized-weather-elected-fellow-of-the-american-meteorological-society","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ssec.wisc.edu\/news\/articles\/11025","title":{"rendered":"Terry Kelly, visionary of computerized weather, elected Fellow of the American Meteorological Society"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Before the era of computer-generated images, television weather forecasts required hand-drawn and colored graphics painstakingly aligned on a wall in the studio so the camera could pan from picture-to-picture, or they used \u201cpull-up boards\u201d and magic marker.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_11029\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ssec.wisc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2018\/06\/Kelly_Terry_hs15_2343.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11029\" class=\"wp-image-11029\" src=\"http:\/\/www.ssec.wisc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2018\/06\/Kelly_Terry_hs15_2343-600x400.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"304\" height=\"203\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ssec.wisc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2018\/06\/Kelly_Terry_hs15_2343-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.ssec.wisc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2018\/06\/Kelly_Terry_hs15_2343-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.ssec.wisc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2018\/06\/Kelly_Terry_hs15_2343-768x511.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.ssec.wisc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2018\/06\/Kelly_Terry_hs15_2343-325x217.jpg 325w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 304px) 100vw, 304px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-11029\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Terry Kelly, UW-Madison alumnus and entrepreneur, charted a new course for real-time television weather broadcasting. Credit: Bryce Richter UW-Madison<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Terry Kelly, University of Wisconsin-Madison alumnus and entrepreneur, turned consulting and television weathercasting on its end through his revolutionary work in computerized weather. Last year, the American Meteorological Society (AMS) honored Kelly with its highest distinction \u2014 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ametsoc.org\/ams\/index.cfm\/about-ams\/ams-organization-and-administration\/list-of-fellows\/\">Fellow of the AMS<\/a> \u2014 for his leading role in charting a new course for real-time television weather broadcasting.<\/p>\n<p>Like another UW visionary, <a href=\"http:\/\/library.ssec.wisc.edu\/SuomiWebsite\/\">Verner Suomi<\/a>, Kelly brought timely weather information in visual formats out of the research laboratory and into the homes of the public.\u00a0 As SSEC worked to provide satellite and radar imagery in real time and in higher resolution, Kelly and his team invented the real-time weather displays required to make such data useful.<\/p>\n<p>According to Kelly, though, finding his path to meteorology was anything but straightforward. His journey took him from learning to fly airplanes through dangerous weather, to pairing television weather broadcasts with computer advancements.<\/p>\n<p>In fact, he took a leave-of-absence from college because he was undecided about a major. By chance, he saw a tiny ad in the Boston Globe that said, \u201cCome work for us and we\u2019ll teach you to fly!\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWell, I thought it sounded like fun to learn how to fly a Piper Aircraft but in less than a week on the job, I had caught my hair in the drill press!\u201d says Kelly. Rather than fire him, the union machinist crew took Kelly under their collective wings, situating him at the end of the assembly line where he was involved with quality control \u2014 removing bad rivets from planes and replacing them with good ones \u2014 rather than operating heavy machinery.<\/p>\n<p>As promised by his employer, Kelly learned how to fly, earning instrument and multi-engine ratings in the process. It was during his flights along the US east coast that Kelly encountered severe weather situations, \u201cat least one or two of which I probably should not have survived,\u201d he notes.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_11031\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ssec.wisc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2018\/06\/Terry_Kelly_Old_New_Graphics.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11031\" class=\"wp-image-11031\" src=\"http:\/\/www.ssec.wisc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2018\/06\/Terry_Kelly_Old_New_Graphics-600x183.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"934\" height=\"285\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ssec.wisc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2018\/06\/Terry_Kelly_Old_New_Graphics-600x183.png 600w, https:\/\/www.ssec.wisc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2018\/06\/Terry_Kelly_Old_New_Graphics-300x92.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ssec.wisc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2018\/06\/Terry_Kelly_Old_New_Graphics-768x234.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ssec.wisc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2018\/06\/Terry_Kelly_Old_New_Graphics.png 1956w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 934px) 100vw, 934px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-11031\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Two graphical representations of weather systems, both created by Kelly and his team, but decades apart. Prior to the team&#8217;s work on computerized weather graphics, newscasters would use several hand-drawn pictures and pan the camera from left to right to show the sequence of predicted weather. Side-by-side, they show the evolution of weather graphics and the processes to create and transmit them. Credit: Terry Kelly<\/p><\/div>\n<p>From his vantage point above (and in) the clouds and storms, Kelly remembered his childhood fascination with the beauty of the skies and the early days of television weather. According to Kelly, whenever the weather segment aired on television, he would place plastic wrap over the screen, draw the fronts with markers and check his predictive accuracy the next day. Although he recalls being teased about his preoccupation with the weather, it finally dawned on him many years later when flying a Piper Aircraft that he could be a meteorologist, the notion \u201chitting him on the back of the head,\u201d he says.<\/p>\n<p>So, Kelly arrived at UW-Madison in 1969 to pursue a degree in meteorology. There he met meteorology professor Frank Sechrist, a synoptician who developed early television forecasts for Wisconsin Public Television\u2019s <em>Target<\/em> program and who became one of Kelly\u2019s mentors. Those 1970s forecasts used SSEC\u2019s Man-computer Interactive Data Access System (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ssec.wisc.edu\/mcidas\/software\/mcidas25_bams.pdf\">McIDAS<\/a>), a first-of-its-kind system for the display and animation of satellite data. Even with McIDAS, preparation still required hours of graphics development before each broadcast.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cEveryone who goes to college should have this good fortune,\u201d says Kelly, \u201cas I found a mentor in Sechrist.\u201d One summer, Sechrist asked Kelly to do the broadcast program while he was on vacation. It intrigued Kelly, and was the beginning of a sustained interest in television weather.<\/p>\n<p>He would, in fact, later pursue a career in broadcast meteorology while simultaneously developing new computer systems, landing a role at Madison\u2019s WKOW Channel 27 where he became the face of television forecasting for a decade.\u00a0 As the first on-air meteorologist in the state, he was awarded the AMS Seal of Approval and later the AMS Award for Outstanding Service by a Broadcast Meteorologist.<\/p>\n<p>However, Kelly\u2019s initial attempts to find a meteorology job in 1972, post-graduation, proved challenging. His persistence and networking first led him to a job seeding clouds with silver iodide flares and rockets and running a rain gauge network at seven thousand feet in the Sierra Nevada Mountains. It is one of the few areas, says Kelly, where weather modification has been shown to work. The hydro-electric power generated through cloud seeding created additional snowpack, he says, helping to provide clean hydropower electricity to Southern California. While the pay was low, only $700 per month, Kelly kept the job for two winters. He and his new wife, Mary, lived in a mobile home provided for them in the mountains.<\/p>\n<p>Having endured the hardships of high-altitude living with low pay, Kelly returned to Madison in 1973 to work with Bob Wollersheim at the Space Science and Engineering Center (SSEC) who was the program manager for a new federally funded project at SSEC called <em>Innovative Video Applications in Meteorology (IVAM)<\/em>. The opportunity to work alongside Suomi and Wollersheim allowed Kelly to focus on applied meteorology, an area that fueled his passion for the intersection of technology and meteorology.<\/p>\n<p>The IVAM program was intended to implement the new concept of \u201cnowcasting\u201d by harnessing the latest data processing techniques and information dissemination technologies to provide a forecast to the public while the weather events were still on-going or imminent.<\/p>\n<p>Kelly\u2019s brain was spinning with ideas to put the IVAM concepts into action. He envisioned taking the rapidly evolving tools, displays and output in meteorology to make them useful to ski areas, power utilities, farmers, aviation and food production and insurance companies \u2014 any of the weather-dependent industries. And for the public.<\/p>\n<p>During this time, writes Mike Nelson, another UW alumnus, mentee, and colleague who led Kelly\u2019s nomination for the AMS Fellow honor, Kelly began to explore using emerging lower cost computer systems to display weather graphics for television, drawing inspiration from McIDAS that was becoming more sophisticated each year.<\/p>\n<p>Kelly landed funding from the UW\u2019s University-Industry Research (UIR) Program to conduct a nowcasting experiment with Madison Gas and Electric Co., the City of Madison Streets Department, and a local construction company to test the value of better short-range forecasts that could help companies and cities anticipate the weather and craft plans to work safely around it. \u00a0UIR was established to encourage connections between university researchers and industry and Kelly\u2019s idea was a perfect fit for UIR\u2019s mission.<\/p>\n<p>These early systems became \u201ca realization of Dr. Suomi\u2019s dream to make geostationary satellite imagery television-compatible, becoming the \u201ceyes\u201d of the weather for scientists and the public,\u201d says Nelson.<\/p>\n<p>Early computers were expensive, says Kelly, \u201cbut when the Apple II was released, we knew we could bring this weather technology into the world in a practical way.\u201d With the new computer, Apple introduced a capability of displaying six-color graphics. The image resolution, adds Kelly, was practically nothing in terms of today\u2019s standards, but it was a first step, and systems could be produced and sold at a fraction of McIDAS costs.<\/p>\n<p>Beyond solving the problem of color graphics, the system would need to comply with existing television broadcast standards that dictated everything from frame size and rate to the process for interweaving video and audio. Kelly\u2019s team devised a specialized video conversion box that would convert the nonstandard video into standard video so that it could be used on-air.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_11030\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ssec.wisc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2018\/06\/Terry_Kelly_Handrawn_Graphic.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11030\" class=\" wp-image-11030\" src=\"http:\/\/www.ssec.wisc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2018\/06\/Terry_Kelly_Handrawn_Graphic-600x121.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1080\" height=\"218\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ssec.wisc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2018\/06\/Terry_Kelly_Handrawn_Graphic-600x121.png 600w, https:\/\/www.ssec.wisc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2018\/06\/Terry_Kelly_Handrawn_Graphic-300x61.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ssec.wisc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2018\/06\/Terry_Kelly_Handrawn_Graphic-768x155.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ssec.wisc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2018\/06\/Terry_Kelly_Handrawn_Graphic.png 1463w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-11030\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hand-drawn weather forecasts for news broadcasts in the late 60s, complete with notes to the camera operator. Credit: Terry Kelly<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Priced at $11,900, Kelly\u2019s new system generated considerable interest at trade shows, but surprisingly few sales. A repeat visitor to their booth suggested to Kelly that in order to be taken seriously, he should increase the \u201cperceived value\u201d to the buyer by increasing the price of his system. He did, tripling the sales price, and in very short order, selling 50 units: \u00a0they were well on the way to becoming a multi-million dollar company.<\/p>\n<p>Kelly founded Weather Central in 1974. The company was later purchased by Dynatech Corporation in 1982, though Kelly and his colleagues stayed on to expand the weather graphics industry under the new ownership. Before long, they\u2019d sold graphics systems to hundreds of television stations in the US market, as well as around the world.<\/p>\n<p>During his tenure at Dynatech, Kelly became a group vice president. He credits this era with honing his acumen for managing and developing technology companies and assessing teams, skills that he would rely on again and again.<\/p>\n<p>Under his leadership, Kelly and colleagues invented a suite of tools for modeling and visualizing the weather in 3D. By the late 1990s, Kelly says that he, chief scientist Richard Daly and the Weather Central team demonstrated the first high definition graphics on the air.<\/p>\n<p>The advancements kept coming as they unveiled tools that enabled a localized preview of tomorrow\u2019s weather. Known as futurecast, it used National Weather Service radar and other data to extrapolate storm development or tracks into the future.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt takes a tremendous amount of computing power to model the atmosphere down to 1km square,\u201d says Kelly.\u00a0 That early prediction work proved to be of great benefit to insurance companies, he adds, because they were keenly interested in knowing when and where hail storms would form so that adjusters could assess damage with more certainty and rein in claims costs.<\/p>\n<p>MyWeather LLC, a start-up within Weather Central, was established to further develop and commercialize micromodelling and intelligent, instantly available forecasts.<\/p>\n<p>Kelly sold Weather Central to The Weather Company in 2012. The combined companies remain in Madison under IBM Watson, the artificial intelligence wing of IBM.<\/p>\n<p>After years of innovation, Kelly has 13 US patents in his name or as co-inventor, spanning from an array of systems and methods for presenting wind speed and lightning strike information to personalized storm warnings, though he is quick to point out that while many of these advances were based on his ideas, just as many resulted from group efforts.<\/p>\n<p>Currently, Kelly is founder and partner of <a href=\"http:\/\/www.vmllc.com\/\">Venture Management LLC<\/a> that invests in technology companies, many of which are affiliated with the UW-Madison and are located in Wisconsin. Looking back, says Kelly, his work with Dynatech, and the skills he developed there for assessing and gauging the potential of start-ups, foreshadowed his current endeavors.<\/p>\n<p>Outside of pursuing his continued interest in improving weather forecasts, Kelly spearheaded the establishment of the Climate Science Education Center at the Aldo Leopold Nature Center in Madison to encourage visitors \u2014 students, families, teachers \u2014 to think and learn about Earth\u2019s climate in an informative, but neutral environment. He served as the Center\u2019s chairman and CEO for more than 20 years.<\/p>\n<p>Kelly\u2019s fingerprints can be seen in other philanthropic gestures, such as his founding investment in Air America Radio, a national progressive network, and Madison\u2019s Rhythm and Booms Independence Day celebration which spanned nearly two decades.<\/p>\n<p>Kelly has spent his career on the leading edge of computerized weather, providing critical information and predictive capabilities for people and industries around the world.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cOne thing you\u2019d like to see about the work you do in your life is that it mattered,\u201d he says.<\/p>\n<p>AMS Fellow and past President Bob Ryan adds, \u201cTerry Kelly is an example of what is best about our science and our society \u2026 his election as a Fellow [is] as much an honor to the AMS as it [is] to Terry.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><em>By Jean Phillips<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Last year, the American Meteorological Society (AMS) honored Kelly with its highest distinction &#8211; Fellow of the AMS &#8211; for his leading role in charting a new course for real-time television weather broadcasting.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":11029,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[14],"class_list":["post-11025","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-featured-stories","tag-cimss"],"acf":{"short_title":"Terry Kelly","ssec_home_page_carousel_image":"https:\/\/www.ssec.wisc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2018\/06\/Terry_Kelly_Web_Banner.jpg","sub_title":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ssec.wisc.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11025","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ssec.wisc.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ssec.wisc.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ssec.wisc.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ssec.wisc.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11025"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/www.ssec.wisc.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11025\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11772,"href":"https:\/\/www.ssec.wisc.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11025\/revisions\/11772"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ssec.wisc.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11029"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ssec.wisc.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11025"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ssec.wisc.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11025"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ssec.wisc.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11025"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}